kmp_taskdeps.cpp

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/*
 * kmp_taskdeps.cpp
 */
 
//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
//
// Part of the LLVM Project, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM Exceptions.
// See https://llvm.org/LICENSE.txt for license information.
// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
//
//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
 
//#define KMP_SUPPORT_GRAPH_OUTPUT 1
 
#include "kmp.h"
#include "kmp_io.h"
#include "kmp_wait_release.h"
#include "kmp_taskdeps.h"
#if OMPT_SUPPORT
#include "ompt-specific.h"
#endif
 
// TODO: Improve memory allocation? keep a list of pre-allocated structures?
// allocate in blocks? re-use list finished list entries?
// TODO: don't use atomic ref counters for stack-allocated nodes.
// TODO: find an alternate to atomic refs for heap-allocated nodes?
// TODO: Finish graph output support
// TODO: kmp_lock_t seems a tad to big (and heavy weight) for this. Check other
// runtime locks
// TODO: Any ITT support needed?
 
#ifdef KMP_SUPPORT_GRAPH_OUTPUT
static std::atomic<kmp_int32> kmp_node_id_seed = 0;
#endif
 
static void __kmp_init_node(kmp_depnode_t *node, bool on_stack) {
  node->dn.successors = NULL;
  node->dn.task = NULL; // will point to the right task
  // once dependences have been processed
  for (int i = 0; i < MAX_MTX_DEPS; ++i)
    node->dn.mtx_locks[i] = NULL;
  node->dn.mtx_num_locks = 0;
  __kmp_init_lock(&node->dn.lock);
  // Init creates the first reference.  Bit 0 indicates that this node
  // resides on the stack.  The refcount is incremented and decremented in
  // steps of two, maintaining use of even numbers for heap nodes and odd
  // numbers for stack nodes.
  KMP_ATOMIC_ST_RLX(&node->dn.nrefs, on_stack ? 3 : 2);
#ifdef KMP_SUPPORT_GRAPH_OUTPUT
  node->dn.id = KMP_ATOMIC_INC(&kmp_node_id_seed);
#endif
#if USE_ITT_BUILD && USE_ITT_NOTIFY
  __itt_sync_create(node, "OMP task dep node", NULL, 0);
#endif
}
 
static inline kmp_depnode_t *__kmp_node_ref(kmp_depnode_t *node) {
  KMP_ATOMIC_ADD(&node->dn.nrefs, 2);
  return node;
}
 
enum { KMP_DEPHASH_OTHER_SIZE = 97, KMP_DEPHASH_MASTER_SIZE = 997 };
 
size_t sizes[] = {997, 2003, 4001, 8191, 16001, 32003, 64007, 131071, 270029};
const size_t MAX_GEN = 8;
 
static inline size_t __kmp_dephash_hash(kmp_intptr_t addr, size_t hsize) {
  // TODO alternate to try: set = (((Addr64)(addrUsefulBits * 9.618)) %
  // m_num_sets );
  return ((addr >> 6) ^ (addr >> 2)) % hsize;
}
 
static kmp_dephash_t *__kmp_dephash_extend(kmp_info_t *thread,
                                           kmp_dephash_t *current_dephash) {
  kmp_dephash_t *h;
 
  size_t gen = current_dephash->generation + 1;
  if (gen >= MAX_GEN)
    return current_dephash;
  size_t new_size = sizes[gen];
 
  size_t size_to_allocate =
      new_size * sizeof(kmp_dephash_entry_t *) + sizeof(kmp_dephash_t);
 
#if USE_FAST_MEMORY
  h = (kmp_dephash_t *)__kmp_fast_allocate(thread, size_to_allocate);
#else
  h = (kmp_dephash_t *)__kmp_thread_malloc(thread, size_to_allocate);
#endif
 
  h->size = new_size;
  h->nelements = current_dephash->nelements;
  h->buckets = (kmp_dephash_entry **)(h + 1);
  h->generation = gen;
  h->nconflicts = 0;
  h->last_all = current_dephash->last_all;
 
  // make sure buckets are properly initialized
  for (size_t i = 0; i < new_size; i++) {
    h->buckets[i] = NULL;
  }
 
  // insert existing elements in the new table
  for (size_t i = 0; i < current_dephash->size; i++) {
    kmp_dephash_entry_t *next, *entry;
    for (entry = current_dephash->buckets[i]; entry; entry = next) {
      next = entry->next_in_bucket;
      // Compute the new hash using the new size, and insert the entry in
      // the new bucket.
      size_t new_bucket = __kmp_dephash_hash(entry->addr, h->size);
      entry->next_in_bucket = h->buckets[new_bucket];
      if (entry->next_in_bucket) {
        h->nconflicts++;
      }
      h->buckets[new_bucket] = entry;
    }
  }
 
  // Free old hash table
#if USE_FAST_MEMORY
  __kmp_fast_free(thread, current_dephash);
#else
  __kmp_thread_free(thread, current_dephash);
#endif
 
  return h;
}
 
static kmp_dephash_t *__kmp_dephash_create(kmp_info_t *thread,
                                           kmp_taskdata_t *current_task) {
  kmp_dephash_t *h;
 
  size_t h_size;
 
  if (current_task->td_flags.tasktype == TASK_IMPLICIT)
    h_size = KMP_DEPHASH_MASTER_SIZE;
  else
    h_size = KMP_DEPHASH_OTHER_SIZE;
 
  size_t size = h_size * sizeof(kmp_dephash_entry_t *) + sizeof(kmp_dephash_t);
 
#if USE_FAST_MEMORY
  h = (kmp_dephash_t *)__kmp_fast_allocate(thread, size);
#else
  h = (kmp_dephash_t *)__kmp_thread_malloc(thread, size);
#endif
  h->size = h_size;
 
  h->generation = 0;
  h->nelements = 0;
  h->nconflicts = 0;
  h->buckets = (kmp_dephash_entry **)(h + 1);
  h->last_all = NULL;
 
  for (size_t i = 0; i < h_size; i++)
    h->buckets[i] = 0;
 
  return h;
}
 
static kmp_dephash_entry *__kmp_dephash_find(kmp_info_t *thread,
                                             kmp_dephash_t **hash,
                                             kmp_intptr_t addr) {
  kmp_dephash_t *h = *hash;
  if (h->nelements != 0 && h->nconflicts / h->size >= 1) {
    *hash = __kmp_dephash_extend(thread, h);
    h = *hash;
  }
  size_t bucket = __kmp_dephash_hash(addr, h->size);
 
  kmp_dephash_entry_t *entry;
  for (entry = h->buckets[bucket]; entry; entry = entry->next_in_bucket)
    if (entry->addr == addr)
      break;
 
  if (entry == NULL) {
// create entry. This is only done by one thread so no locking required
#if USE_FAST_MEMORY
    entry = (kmp_dephash_entry_t *)__kmp_fast_allocate(
        thread, sizeof(kmp_dephash_entry_t));
#else
    entry = (kmp_dephash_entry_t *)__kmp_thread_malloc(
        thread, sizeof(kmp_dephash_entry_t));
#endif
    entry->addr = addr;
    if (!h->last_all) // no predecessor task with omp_all_memory dependence
      entry->last_out = NULL;
    else // else link the omp_all_memory depnode to the new entry
      entry->last_out = __kmp_node_ref(h->last_all);
    entry->last_set = NULL;
    entry->prev_set = NULL;
    entry->last_flag = 0;
    entry->mtx_lock = NULL;
    entry->next_in_bucket = h->buckets[bucket];
    h->buckets[bucket] = entry;
    h->nelements++;
    if (entry->next_in_bucket)
      h->nconflicts++;
  }
  return entry;
}
 
static kmp_depnode_list_t *__kmp_add_node(kmp_info_t *thread,
                                          kmp_depnode_list_t *list,
                                          kmp_depnode_t *node) {
  kmp_depnode_list_t *new_head;
 
#if USE_FAST_MEMORY
  new_head = (kmp_depnode_list_t *)__kmp_fast_allocate(
      thread, sizeof(kmp_depnode_list_t));
#else
  new_head = (kmp_depnode_list_t *)__kmp_thread_malloc(
      thread, sizeof(kmp_depnode_list_t));
#endif
 
  new_head->node = __kmp_node_ref(node);
  new_head->next = list;
 
  return new_head;
}
 
static inline void __kmp_track_dependence(kmp_int32 gtid, kmp_depnode_t *source,
                                          kmp_depnode_t *sink,
                                          kmp_task_t *sink_task) {
#ifdef KMP_SUPPORT_GRAPH_OUTPUT
  kmp_taskdata_t *task_source = KMP_TASK_TO_TASKDATA(source->dn.task);
  // do not use sink->dn.task as that is only filled after the dependences
  // are already processed!
  kmp_taskdata_t *task_sink = KMP_TASK_TO_TASKDATA(sink_task);
 
  __kmp_printf("%d(%s) -> %d(%s)\n", source->dn.id,
               task_source->td_ident->psource, sink->dn.id,
               task_sink->td_ident->psource);
#endif
#if OMPT_SUPPORT && OMPT_OPTIONAL
  /* OMPT tracks dependences between task (a=source, b=sink) in which
     task a blocks the execution of b through the ompt_new_dependence_callback
     */
  if (ompt_enabled.ompt_callback_task_dependence) {
    kmp_taskdata_t *task_source = KMP_TASK_TO_TASKDATA(source->dn.task);
    ompt_data_t *sink_data;
    if (sink_task)
      sink_data = &(KMP_TASK_TO_TASKDATA(sink_task)->ompt_task_info.task_data);
    else
      sink_data = &__kmp_threads[gtid]->th.ompt_thread_info.task_data;
 
    ompt_callbacks.ompt_callback(ompt_callback_task_dependence)(
        &(task_source->ompt_task_info.task_data), sink_data);
  }
#endif /* OMPT_SUPPORT && OMPT_OPTIONAL */
}
 
kmp_base_depnode_t *__kmpc_task_get_depnode(kmp_task_t *task) {
  kmp_taskdata_t *td = KMP_TASK_TO_TASKDATA(task);
  return td->td_depnode ? &(td->td_depnode->dn) : NULL;
}
 
kmp_depnode_list_t *__kmpc_task_get_successors(kmp_task_t *task) {
  kmp_taskdata_t *td = KMP_TASK_TO_TASKDATA(task);
  return td->td_depnode->dn.successors;
}
 
static inline kmp_int32
__kmp_depnode_link_successor(kmp_int32 gtid, kmp_info_t *thread,
                             kmp_task_t *task, kmp_depnode_t *node,
                             kmp_depnode_list_t *plist) {
  if (!plist)
    return 0;
  kmp_int32 npredecessors = 0;
  // link node as successor of list elements
  for (kmp_depnode_list_t *p = plist; p; p = p->next) {
    kmp_depnode_t *dep = p->node;
    if (dep->dn.task) {
      KMP_ACQUIRE_DEPNODE(gtid, dep);
      if (dep->dn.task) {
        if (!dep->dn.successors || dep->dn.successors->node != node) {
          __kmp_track_dependence(gtid, dep, node, task);
          dep->dn.successors = __kmp_add_node(thread, dep->dn.successors, node);
          KA_TRACE(40, ("__kmp_process_deps: T#%d adding dependence from %p to "
                        "%p\n",
                        gtid, KMP_TASK_TO_TASKDATA(dep->dn.task),
                        KMP_TASK_TO_TASKDATA(task)));
          npredecessors++;
        }
      }
      KMP_RELEASE_DEPNODE(gtid, dep);
    }
  }
  return npredecessors;
}
 
// Add the edge 'sink' -> 'source' in the task dependency graph
static inline kmp_int32 __kmp_depnode_link_successor(kmp_int32 gtid,
                                                     kmp_info_t *thread,
                                                     kmp_task_t *task,
                                                     kmp_depnode_t *source,
                                                     kmp_depnode_t *sink) {
  if (!sink)
    return 0;
  kmp_int32 npredecessors = 0;
  if (sink->dn.task) {
    // synchronously add source to sink' list of successors
    KMP_ACQUIRE_DEPNODE(gtid, sink);
    if (sink->dn.task) {
      if (!sink->dn.successors || sink->dn.successors->node != source) {
        __kmp_track_dependence(gtid, sink, source, task);
        sink->dn.successors = __kmp_add_node(thread, sink->dn.successors, source);
        KA_TRACE(40, ("__kmp_process_deps: T#%d adding dependence from %p to "
                    "%p\n",
                    gtid, KMP_TASK_TO_TASKDATA(sink->dn.task),
                    KMP_TASK_TO_TASKDATA(task)));
        npredecessors++;
      }
    }
    KMP_RELEASE_DEPNODE(gtid, sink);
  }
  return npredecessors;
}
 
static inline kmp_int32
__kmp_process_dep_all(kmp_int32 gtid, kmp_depnode_t *node, kmp_dephash_t *h,
                      bool dep_barrier, kmp_task_t *task) {
  KA_TRACE(30, ("__kmp_process_dep_all: T#%d processing dep_all, "
                "dep_barrier = %d\n",
                gtid, dep_barrier));
  kmp_info_t *thread = __kmp_threads[gtid];
  kmp_int32 npredecessors = 0;
 
  // process previous omp_all_memory node if any
  npredecessors +=
      __kmp_depnode_link_successor(gtid, thread, task, node, h->last_all);
  __kmp_node_deref(thread, h->last_all);
  if (!dep_barrier) {
    h->last_all = __kmp_node_ref(node);
  } else {
    // if this is a sync point in the serial sequence, then the previous
    // outputs are guaranteed to be completed after the execution of this
    // task so the previous output nodes can be cleared.
    h->last_all = NULL;
  }
 
  // process all regular dependences
  for (size_t i = 0; i < h->size; i++) {
    kmp_dephash_entry_t *info = h->buckets[i];
    if (!info) // skip empty slots in dephash
      continue;
    for (; info; info = info->next_in_bucket) {
      // for each entry the omp_all_memory works as OUT dependence
      kmp_depnode_t *last_out = info->last_out;
      kmp_depnode_list_t *last_set = info->last_set;
      kmp_depnode_list_t *prev_set = info->prev_set;
      if (last_set) {
        npredecessors +=
            __kmp_depnode_link_successor(gtid, thread, task, node, last_set);
        __kmp_depnode_list_free(thread, last_set);
        __kmp_depnode_list_free(thread, prev_set);
        info->last_set = NULL;
        info->prev_set = NULL;
        info->last_flag = 0; // no sets in this dephash entry
      } else {
        npredecessors +=
            __kmp_depnode_link_successor(gtid, thread, task, node, last_out);
      }
      __kmp_node_deref(thread, last_out);
      if (!dep_barrier) {
        info->last_out = __kmp_node_ref(node);
      } else {
        info->last_out = NULL;
      }
    }
  }
  KA_TRACE(30, ("__kmp_process_dep_all: T#%d found %d predecessors\n", gtid,
                npredecessors));
  return npredecessors;
}
 
template <bool filter>
static inline kmp_int32
__kmp_process_deps(kmp_int32 gtid, kmp_depnode_t *node, kmp_dephash_t **hash,
                   bool dep_barrier, kmp_int32 ndeps,
                   kmp_depend_info_t *dep_list, kmp_task_t *task) {
  KA_TRACE(30, ("__kmp_process_deps<%d>: T#%d processing %d dependences : "
                "dep_barrier = %d\n",
                filter, gtid, ndeps, dep_barrier));
 
  kmp_info_t *thread = __kmp_threads[gtid];
  kmp_int32 npredecessors = 0;
  for (kmp_int32 i = 0; i < ndeps; i++) {
    const kmp_depend_info_t *dep = &dep_list[i];
 
    if (filter && dep->base_addr == 0)
      continue; // skip filtered entries
 
    kmp_dephash_entry_t *info =
        __kmp_dephash_find(thread, hash, dep->base_addr);
    kmp_depnode_t *last_out = info->last_out;
    kmp_depnode_list_t *last_set = info->last_set;
    kmp_depnode_list_t *prev_set = info->prev_set;
 
    if (dep->flags.out) { // out or inout --> clean lists if any
      if (last_set) {
        npredecessors +=
            __kmp_depnode_link_successor(gtid, thread, task, node, last_set);
        __kmp_depnode_list_free(thread, last_set);
        __kmp_depnode_list_free(thread, prev_set);
        info->last_set = NULL;
        info->prev_set = NULL;
        info->last_flag = 0; // no sets in this dephash entry
      } else {
        npredecessors +=
            __kmp_depnode_link_successor(gtid, thread, task, node, last_out);
      }
      __kmp_node_deref(thread, last_out);
      if (!dep_barrier) {
        info->last_out = __kmp_node_ref(node);
      } else {
        // if this is a sync point in the serial sequence, then the previous
        // outputs are guaranteed to be completed after the execution of this
        // task so the previous output nodes can be cleared.
        info->last_out = NULL;
      }
    } else { // either IN or MTX or SET
      if (info->last_flag == 0 || info->last_flag == dep->flag) {
        // last_set either didn't exist or of same dep kind
        // link node as successor of the last_out if any
        npredecessors +=
            __kmp_depnode_link_successor(gtid, thread, task, node, last_out);
        // link node as successor of all nodes in the prev_set if any
        npredecessors +=
            __kmp_depnode_link_successor(gtid, thread, task, node, prev_set);
        if (dep_barrier) {
          // clean last_out and prev_set if any; don't touch last_set
          __kmp_node_deref(thread, last_out);
          info->last_out = NULL;
          __kmp_depnode_list_free(thread, prev_set);
          info->prev_set = NULL;
        }
      } else { // last_set is of different dep kind, make it prev_set
        // link node as successor of all nodes in the last_set
        npredecessors +=
            __kmp_depnode_link_successor(gtid, thread, task, node, last_set);
        // clean last_out if any
        __kmp_node_deref(thread, last_out);
        info->last_out = NULL;
        // clean prev_set if any
        __kmp_depnode_list_free(thread, prev_set);
        if (!dep_barrier) {
          // move last_set to prev_set, new last_set will be allocated
          info->prev_set = last_set;
        } else {
          info->prev_set = NULL;
          info->last_flag = 0;
        }
        info->last_set = NULL;
      }
      // for dep_barrier last_flag value should remain:
      // 0 if last_set is empty, unchanged otherwise
      if (!dep_barrier) {
        info->last_flag = dep->flag; // store dep kind of the last_set
        info->last_set = __kmp_add_node(thread, info->last_set, node);
      }
      // check if we are processing MTX dependency
      if (dep->flag == KMP_DEP_MTX) {
        if (info->mtx_lock == NULL) {
          info->mtx_lock = (kmp_lock_t *)__kmp_allocate(sizeof(kmp_lock_t));
          __kmp_init_lock(info->mtx_lock);
        }
        KMP_DEBUG_ASSERT(node->dn.mtx_num_locks < MAX_MTX_DEPS);
        kmp_int32 m;
        // Save lock in node's array
        for (m = 0; m < MAX_MTX_DEPS; ++m) {
          // sort pointers in decreasing order to avoid potential livelock
          if (node->dn.mtx_locks[m] < info->mtx_lock) {
            KMP_DEBUG_ASSERT(!node->dn.mtx_locks[node->dn.mtx_num_locks]);
            for (int n = node->dn.mtx_num_locks; n > m; --n) {
              // shift right all lesser non-NULL pointers
              KMP_DEBUG_ASSERT(node->dn.mtx_locks[n - 1] != NULL);
              node->dn.mtx_locks[n] = node->dn.mtx_locks[n - 1];
            }
            node->dn.mtx_locks[m] = info->mtx_lock;
            break;
          }
        }
        KMP_DEBUG_ASSERT(m < MAX_MTX_DEPS); // must break from loop
        node->dn.mtx_num_locks++;
      }
    }
  }
  KA_TRACE(30, ("__kmp_process_deps<%d>: T#%d found %d predecessors\n", filter,
                gtid, npredecessors));
  return npredecessors;
}
 
#define NO_DEP_BARRIER (false)
#define DEP_BARRIER (true)
 
// returns true if the task has any outstanding dependence
static bool __kmp_check_deps(kmp_int32 gtid, kmp_depnode_t *node,
                             kmp_task_t *task, kmp_dephash_t **hash,
                             bool dep_barrier, kmp_int32 ndeps,
                             kmp_depend_info_t *dep_list,
                             kmp_int32 ndeps_noalias,
                             kmp_depend_info_t *noalias_dep_list) {
  int i, n_mtxs = 0, dep_all = 0;
#if KMP_DEBUG
  kmp_taskdata_t *taskdata = KMP_TASK_TO_TASKDATA(task);
#endif
  KA_TRACE(20, ("__kmp_check_deps: T#%d checking dependences for task %p : %d "
                "possibly aliased dependences, %d non-aliased dependences : "
                "dep_barrier=%d .\n",
                gtid, taskdata, ndeps, ndeps_noalias, dep_barrier));
 
  // Filter deps in dep_list
  // TODO: Different algorithm for large dep_list ( > 10 ? )
  for (i = 0; i < ndeps; i++) {
    if (dep_list[i].base_addr != 0 &&
        dep_list[i].base_addr != (kmp_intptr_t)KMP_SIZE_T_MAX) {
      KMP_DEBUG_ASSERT(
          dep_list[i].flag == KMP_DEP_IN || dep_list[i].flag == KMP_DEP_OUT ||
          dep_list[i].flag == KMP_DEP_INOUT ||
          dep_list[i].flag == KMP_DEP_MTX || dep_list[i].flag == KMP_DEP_SET);
      for (int j = i + 1; j < ndeps; j++) {
        if (dep_list[i].base_addr == dep_list[j].base_addr) {
          if (dep_list[i].flag != dep_list[j].flag) {
            // two different dependences on same address work identical to OUT
            dep_list[i].flag = KMP_DEP_OUT;
          }
          dep_list[j].base_addr = 0; // Mark j element as void
        }
      }
      if (dep_list[i].flag == KMP_DEP_MTX) {
        // limit number of mtx deps to MAX_MTX_DEPS per node
        if (n_mtxs < MAX_MTX_DEPS && task != NULL) {
          ++n_mtxs;
        } else {
          dep_list[i].flag = KMP_DEP_OUT; // downgrade mutexinoutset to inout
        }
      }
    } else if (dep_list[i].flag == KMP_DEP_ALL ||
               dep_list[i].base_addr == (kmp_intptr_t)KMP_SIZE_T_MAX) {
      // omp_all_memory dependence can be marked by compiler by either
      // (addr=0 && flag=0x80) (flag KMP_DEP_ALL), or (addr=-1).
      // omp_all_memory overrides all other dependences if any
      dep_all = 1;
      break;
    }
  }
 
  // doesn't need to be atomic as no other thread is going to be accessing this
  // node just yet.
  // npredecessors is set -1 to ensure that none of the releasing tasks queues
  // this task before we have finished processing all the dependences
  node->dn.npredecessors = -1;
 
  // used to pack all npredecessors additions into a single atomic operation at
  // the end
  int npredecessors;
 
  if (!dep_all) { // regular dependences
    npredecessors = __kmp_process_deps<true>(gtid, node, hash, dep_barrier,
                                             ndeps, dep_list, task);
    npredecessors += __kmp_process_deps<false>(
        gtid, node, hash, dep_barrier, ndeps_noalias, noalias_dep_list, task);
  } else { // omp_all_memory dependence
    npredecessors = __kmp_process_dep_all(gtid, node, *hash, dep_barrier, task);
  }
 
  node->dn.task = task;
  KMP_MB();
 
  // Account for our initial fake value
  npredecessors++;
 
  // Update predecessors and obtain current value to check if there are still
  // any outstanding dependences (some tasks may have finished while we
  // processed the dependences)
  npredecessors =
      node->dn.npredecessors.fetch_add(npredecessors) + npredecessors;
 
  KA_TRACE(20, ("__kmp_check_deps: T#%d found %d predecessors for task %p \n",
                gtid, npredecessors, taskdata));
 
  // beyond this point the task could be queued (and executed) by a releasing
  // task...
  return npredecessors > 0 ? true : false;
}
 
/*!
@ingroup TASKING
@param loc_ref location of the original task directive
@param gtid Global Thread ID of encountering thread
@param new_task task thunk allocated by __kmp_omp_task_alloc() for the ''new
task''
@param ndeps Number of depend items with possible aliasing
@param dep_list List of depend items with possible aliasing
@param ndeps_noalias Number of depend items with no aliasing
@param noalias_dep_list List of depend items with no aliasing
 
@return Returns either TASK_CURRENT_NOT_QUEUED if the current task was not
suspended and queued, or TASK_CURRENT_QUEUED if it was suspended and queued
 
Schedule a non-thread-switchable task with dependences for execution
*/
kmp_int32 __kmpc_omp_task_with_deps(ident_t *loc_ref, kmp_int32 gtid,
                                    kmp_task_t *new_task, kmp_int32 ndeps,
                                    kmp_depend_info_t *dep_list,
                                    kmp_int32 ndeps_noalias,
                                    kmp_depend_info_t *noalias_dep_list) {
 
  kmp_taskdata_t *new_taskdata = KMP_TASK_TO_TASKDATA(new_task);
  KA_TRACE(10, ("__kmpc_omp_task_with_deps(enter): T#%d loc=%p task=%p\n", gtid,
                loc_ref, new_taskdata));
  __kmp_assert_valid_gtid(gtid);
  kmp_info_t *thread = __kmp_threads[gtid];
  kmp_taskdata_t *current_task = thread->th.th_current_task;
 
#if OMPT_SUPPORT
  if (ompt_enabled.enabled) {
    if (!current_task->ompt_task_info.frame.enter_frame.ptr)
      current_task->ompt_task_info.frame.enter_frame.ptr =
          OMPT_GET_FRAME_ADDRESS(0);
    if (ompt_enabled.ompt_callback_task_create) {
      ompt_callbacks.ompt_callback(ompt_callback_task_create)(
          &(current_task->ompt_task_info.task_data),
          &(current_task->ompt_task_info.frame),
          &(new_taskdata->ompt_task_info.task_data),
          TASK_TYPE_DETAILS_FORMAT(new_taskdata), 1,
          OMPT_LOAD_OR_GET_RETURN_ADDRESS(gtid));
    }
 
    new_taskdata->ompt_task_info.frame.enter_frame.ptr =
        OMPT_GET_FRAME_ADDRESS(0);
  }
 
#if OMPT_OPTIONAL
  /* OMPT grab all dependences if requested by the tool */
  if (ndeps + ndeps_noalias > 0 && ompt_enabled.ompt_callback_dependences) {
    kmp_int32 i;
 
    int ompt_ndeps = ndeps + ndeps_noalias;
    ompt_dependence_t *ompt_deps = (ompt_dependence_t *)KMP_OMPT_DEPS_ALLOC(
        thread, (ndeps + ndeps_noalias) * sizeof(ompt_dependence_t));
 
    KMP_ASSERT(ompt_deps != NULL);
 
    for (i = 0; i < ndeps; i++) {
      ompt_deps[i].variable.ptr = (void *)dep_list[i].base_addr;
      if (dep_list[i].base_addr == (kmp_intptr_t)KMP_SIZE_T_MAX)
        ompt_deps[i].dependence_type = ompt_dependence_type_out_all_memory;
      else if (dep_list[i].flags.in && dep_list[i].flags.out)
        ompt_deps[i].dependence_type = ompt_dependence_type_inout;
      else if (dep_list[i].flags.out)
        ompt_deps[i].dependence_type = ompt_dependence_type_out;
      else if (dep_list[i].flags.in)
        ompt_deps[i].dependence_type = ompt_dependence_type_in;
      else if (dep_list[i].flags.mtx)
        ompt_deps[i].dependence_type = ompt_dependence_type_mutexinoutset;
      else if (dep_list[i].flags.set)
        ompt_deps[i].dependence_type = ompt_dependence_type_inoutset;
      else if (dep_list[i].flags.all)
        ompt_deps[i].dependence_type = ompt_dependence_type_out_all_memory;
    }
    for (i = 0; i < ndeps_noalias; i++) {
      ompt_deps[ndeps + i].variable.ptr = (void *)noalias_dep_list[i].base_addr;
      if (noalias_dep_list[i].base_addr == (kmp_intptr_t)KMP_SIZE_T_MAX)
        ompt_deps[ndeps + i].dependence_type =
            ompt_dependence_type_out_all_memory;
      else if (noalias_dep_list[i].flags.in && noalias_dep_list[i].flags.out)
        ompt_deps[ndeps + i].dependence_type = ompt_dependence_type_inout;
      else if (noalias_dep_list[i].flags.out)
        ompt_deps[ndeps + i].dependence_type = ompt_dependence_type_out;
      else if (noalias_dep_list[i].flags.in)
        ompt_deps[ndeps + i].dependence_type = ompt_dependence_type_in;
      else if (noalias_dep_list[i].flags.mtx)
        ompt_deps[ndeps + i].dependence_type =
            ompt_dependence_type_mutexinoutset;
      else if (noalias_dep_list[i].flags.set)
        ompt_deps[ndeps + i].dependence_type = ompt_dependence_type_inoutset;
      else if (noalias_dep_list[i].flags.all)
        ompt_deps[ndeps + i].dependence_type =
            ompt_dependence_type_out_all_memory;
    }
    ompt_callbacks.ompt_callback(ompt_callback_dependences)(
        &(new_taskdata->ompt_task_info.task_data), ompt_deps, ompt_ndeps);
    /* We can now free the allocated memory for the dependences */
    /* For OMPD we might want to delay the free until end of this function */
    KMP_OMPT_DEPS_FREE(thread, ompt_deps);
  }
#endif /* OMPT_OPTIONAL */
#endif /* OMPT_SUPPORT */
 
  bool serial = current_task->td_flags.team_serial ||
                current_task->td_flags.tasking_ser ||
                current_task->td_flags.final;
  kmp_task_team_t *task_team = thread->th.th_task_team;
  serial = serial &&
           !(task_team && (task_team->tt.tt_found_proxy_tasks ||
                           task_team->tt.tt_hidden_helper_task_encountered));
 
  if (!serial && (ndeps > 0 || ndeps_noalias > 0)) {
    /* if no dependences have been tracked yet, create the dependence hash */
    if (current_task->td_dephash == NULL)
      current_task->td_dephash = __kmp_dephash_create(thread, current_task);
 
#if USE_FAST_MEMORY
    kmp_depnode_t *node =
        (kmp_depnode_t *)__kmp_fast_allocate(thread, sizeof(kmp_depnode_t));
#else
    kmp_depnode_t *node =
        (kmp_depnode_t *)__kmp_thread_malloc(thread, sizeof(kmp_depnode_t));
#endif
 
    __kmp_init_node(node, /*on_stack=*/false);
    new_taskdata->td_depnode = node;
 
    if (__kmp_check_deps(gtid, node, new_task, &current_task->td_dephash,
                         NO_DEP_BARRIER, ndeps, dep_list, ndeps_noalias,
                         noalias_dep_list)) {
      KA_TRACE(10, ("__kmpc_omp_task_with_deps(exit): T#%d task had blocking "
                    "dependences: "
                    "loc=%p task=%p, return: TASK_CURRENT_NOT_QUEUED\n",
                    gtid, loc_ref, new_taskdata));
#if OMPT_SUPPORT
      if (ompt_enabled.enabled) {
        current_task->ompt_task_info.frame.enter_frame = ompt_data_none;
      }
#endif
      return TASK_CURRENT_NOT_QUEUED;
    }
  } else {
    KA_TRACE(10, ("__kmpc_omp_task_with_deps(exit): T#%d ignored dependences "
                  "for task (serialized) loc=%p task=%p\n",
                  gtid, loc_ref, new_taskdata));
  }
 
  KA_TRACE(10, ("__kmpc_omp_task_with_deps(exit): T#%d task had no blocking "
                "dependences : "
                "loc=%p task=%p, transferring to __kmp_omp_task\n",
                gtid, loc_ref, new_taskdata));
 
  kmp_int32 ret = __kmp_omp_task(gtid, new_task, true);
#if OMPT_SUPPORT
  if (ompt_enabled.enabled) {
    current_task->ompt_task_info.frame.enter_frame = ompt_data_none;
  }
#endif
  return ret;
}
 
#if OMPT_SUPPORT
void __ompt_taskwait_dep_finish(kmp_taskdata_t *current_task,
                                ompt_data_t *taskwait_task_data) {
  if (ompt_enabled.ompt_callback_task_schedule) {
    ompt_callbacks.ompt_callback(ompt_callback_task_schedule)(
        taskwait_task_data, ompt_taskwait_complete, NULL);
  }
  current_task->ompt_task_info.frame.enter_frame.ptr = NULL;
  *taskwait_task_data = ompt_data_none;
}
#endif /* OMPT_SUPPORT */
 
/*!
@ingroup TASKING
@param loc_ref location of the original task directive
@param gtid Global Thread ID of encountering thread
@param ndeps Number of depend items with possible aliasing
@param dep_list List of depend items with possible aliasing
@param ndeps_noalias Number of depend items with no aliasing
@param noalias_dep_list List of depend items with no aliasing
 
Blocks the current task until all specifies dependences have been fulfilled.
*/
void __kmpc_omp_wait_deps(ident_t *loc_ref, kmp_int32 gtid, kmp_int32 ndeps,
                          kmp_depend_info_t *dep_list, kmp_int32 ndeps_noalias,
                          kmp_depend_info_t *noalias_dep_list) {
  __kmpc_omp_taskwait_deps_51(loc_ref, gtid, ndeps, dep_list, ndeps_noalias,
                              noalias_dep_list, false);
}
 
/* __kmpc_omp_taskwait_deps_51 : Function for OpenMP 5.1 nowait clause.
                                 Placeholder for taskwait with nowait clause.
                                 Earlier code of __kmpc_omp_wait_deps() is now
                                 in this function.
*/
void __kmpc_omp_taskwait_deps_51(ident_t *loc_ref, kmp_int32 gtid,
                                 kmp_int32 ndeps, kmp_depend_info_t *dep_list,
                                 kmp_int32 ndeps_noalias,
                                 kmp_depend_info_t *noalias_dep_list,
                                 kmp_int32 has_no_wait) {
  KA_TRACE(10, ("__kmpc_omp_taskwait_deps(enter): T#%d loc=%p nowait#%d\n",
                gtid, loc_ref, has_no_wait));
  if (ndeps == 0 && ndeps_noalias == 0) {
    KA_TRACE(10, ("__kmpc_omp_taskwait_deps(exit): T#%d has no dependences to "
                  "wait upon : loc=%p\n",
                  gtid, loc_ref));
    return;
  }
  __kmp_assert_valid_gtid(gtid);
  kmp_info_t *thread = __kmp_threads[gtid];
  kmp_taskdata_t *current_task = thread->th.th_current_task;
 
#if OMPT_SUPPORT
  // this function represents a taskwait construct with depend clause
  // We signal 4 events:
  //  - creation of the taskwait task
  //  - dependences of the taskwait task
  //  - schedule and finish of the taskwait task
  ompt_data_t *taskwait_task_data = &thread->th.ompt_thread_info.task_data;
  KMP_ASSERT(taskwait_task_data->ptr == NULL);
  if (ompt_enabled.enabled) {
    if (!current_task->ompt_task_info.frame.enter_frame.ptr)
      current_task->ompt_task_info.frame.enter_frame.ptr =
          OMPT_GET_FRAME_ADDRESS(0);
    if (ompt_enabled.ompt_callback_task_create) {
      ompt_callbacks.ompt_callback(ompt_callback_task_create)(
          &(current_task->ompt_task_info.task_data),
          &(current_task->ompt_task_info.frame), taskwait_task_data,
          ompt_task_taskwait | ompt_task_undeferred | ompt_task_mergeable, 1,
          OMPT_LOAD_OR_GET_RETURN_ADDRESS(gtid));
    }
  }
 
#if OMPT_OPTIONAL
  /* OMPT grab all dependences if requested by the tool */
  if (ndeps + ndeps_noalias > 0 && ompt_enabled.ompt_callback_dependences) {
    kmp_int32 i;
 
    int ompt_ndeps = ndeps + ndeps_noalias;
    ompt_dependence_t *ompt_deps = (ompt_dependence_t *)KMP_OMPT_DEPS_ALLOC(
        thread, (ndeps + ndeps_noalias) * sizeof(ompt_dependence_t));
 
    KMP_ASSERT(ompt_deps != NULL);
 
    for (i = 0; i < ndeps; i++) {
      ompt_deps[i].variable.ptr = (void *)dep_list[i].base_addr;
      if (dep_list[i].flags.in && dep_list[i].flags.out)
        ompt_deps[i].dependence_type = ompt_dependence_type_inout;
      else if (dep_list[i].flags.out)
        ompt_deps[i].dependence_type = ompt_dependence_type_out;
      else if (dep_list[i].flags.in)
        ompt_deps[i].dependence_type = ompt_dependence_type_in;
      else if (dep_list[i].flags.mtx)
        ompt_deps[ndeps + i].dependence_type =
            ompt_dependence_type_mutexinoutset;
      else if (dep_list[i].flags.set)
        ompt_deps[ndeps + i].dependence_type = ompt_dependence_type_inoutset;
    }
    for (i = 0; i < ndeps_noalias; i++) {
      ompt_deps[ndeps + i].variable.ptr = (void *)noalias_dep_list[i].base_addr;
      if (noalias_dep_list[i].flags.in && noalias_dep_list[i].flags.out)
        ompt_deps[ndeps + i].dependence_type = ompt_dependence_type_inout;
      else if (noalias_dep_list[i].flags.out)
        ompt_deps[ndeps + i].dependence_type = ompt_dependence_type_out;
      else if (noalias_dep_list[i].flags.in)
        ompt_deps[ndeps + i].dependence_type = ompt_dependence_type_in;
      else if (noalias_dep_list[i].flags.mtx)
        ompt_deps[ndeps + i].dependence_type =
            ompt_dependence_type_mutexinoutset;
      else if (noalias_dep_list[i].flags.set)
        ompt_deps[ndeps + i].dependence_type = ompt_dependence_type_inoutset;
    }
    ompt_callbacks.ompt_callback(ompt_callback_dependences)(
        taskwait_task_data, ompt_deps, ompt_ndeps);
    /* We can now free the allocated memory for the dependences */
    /* For OMPD we might want to delay the free until end of this function */
    KMP_OMPT_DEPS_FREE(thread, ompt_deps);
    ompt_deps = NULL;
  }
#endif /* OMPT_OPTIONAL */
#endif /* OMPT_SUPPORT */
 
  // We can return immediately as:
  // - dependences are not computed in serial teams (except with proxy tasks)
  // - if the dephash is not yet created it means we have nothing to wait for
  bool ignore = current_task->td_flags.team_serial ||
                current_task->td_flags.tasking_ser ||
                current_task->td_flags.final;
  ignore =
      ignore && thread->th.th_task_team != NULL &&
      thread->th.th_task_team->tt.tt_found_proxy_tasks == FALSE &&
      thread->th.th_task_team->tt.tt_hidden_helper_task_encountered == FALSE;
  ignore = ignore || current_task->td_dephash == NULL;
 
  if (ignore) {
    KA_TRACE(10, ("__kmpc_omp_taskwait_deps(exit): T#%d has no blocking "
                  "dependences : loc=%p\n",
                  gtid, loc_ref));
#if OMPT_SUPPORT
    __ompt_taskwait_dep_finish(current_task, taskwait_task_data);
#endif /* OMPT_SUPPORT */
    return;
  }
 
  kmp_depnode_t node = {0};
  __kmp_init_node(&node, /*on_stack=*/true);
 
  if (!__kmp_check_deps(gtid, &node, NULL, &current_task->td_dephash,
                        DEP_BARRIER, ndeps, dep_list, ndeps_noalias,
                        noalias_dep_list)) {
    KA_TRACE(10, ("__kmpc_omp_taskwait_deps(exit): T#%d has no blocking "
                  "dependences : loc=%p\n",
                  gtid, loc_ref));
#if OMPT_SUPPORT
    __ompt_taskwait_dep_finish(current_task, taskwait_task_data);
#endif /* OMPT_SUPPORT */
 
    // There may still be references to this node here, due to task stealing.
    // Wait for them to be released.
    kmp_int32 nrefs;
    while ((nrefs = node.dn.nrefs) > 3) {
      KMP_DEBUG_ASSERT((nrefs & 1) == 1);
      KMP_YIELD(TRUE);
    }
    KMP_DEBUG_ASSERT(nrefs == 3);
 
    return;
  }
 
  int thread_finished = FALSE;
  kmp_flag_32<false, false> flag(
      (std::atomic<kmp_uint32> *)&node.dn.npredecessors, 0U);
  while (node.dn.npredecessors > 0) {
    flag.execute_tasks(thread, gtid, FALSE,
                       &thread_finished USE_ITT_BUILD_ARG(NULL),
                       __kmp_task_stealing_constraint);
  }
 
  // Wait until the last __kmp_release_deps is finished before we free the
  // current stack frame holding the "node" variable; once its nrefs count
  // reaches 3 (meaning 1, since bit zero of the refcount indicates a stack
  // rather than a heap address), we're sure nobody else can try to reference
  // it again.
  kmp_int32 nrefs;
  while ((nrefs = node.dn.nrefs) > 3) {
    KMP_DEBUG_ASSERT((nrefs & 1) == 1);
    KMP_YIELD(TRUE);
  }
  KMP_DEBUG_ASSERT(nrefs == 3);
 
#if OMPT_SUPPORT
  __ompt_taskwait_dep_finish(current_task, taskwait_task_data);
#endif /* OMPT_SUPPORT */
  KA_TRACE(10, ("__kmpc_omp_taskwait_deps(exit): T#%d finished waiting : loc=%p\
                \n",
                gtid, loc_ref));
}